Benefactive and substitutive applicatives in Bemba

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Main author: Marten, Lutz
Other authors: Kula, Nancy C.
Format: Journal Article           
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id eprints-19907
recordtype eprints
institution SOAS, University of London
collection SOAS Research Online
language English
language_search English
description Benefactive applicative constructions can encode a range of different meanings, including notably recipient, substitutive and plain benefactive readings, which are often distinguished in cross-linguistic studies. In Bantu languages, this distinction has not received much attention, in part because most Bantu languages do not formally distinguish between different readings of benefactive applicatives. In Bemba (Bantu M42, Zambia), by contrast, substitutive applicatives, where the action of the verb is performed by the agent instead of, on behalf of, or in place of someone else, are formally marked by applicative morphology in addition to a post-verbal clitic -kó, based on a grammaticalised locative demonstrative clitic. The paper provides a detailed discussion of the construction and proposes that the interpretation of substitutive applicatives results from the interaction of abstract applicative and locative semantics and depends on underlying metaphors of spatial and abstract location. Bemba benefactive applicatives thus provide an illustration of the complex function and interpretation of Bantu applicatives and locative markers more widely. The construction is interesting from a historical-comparative and typological perspective because of the particular grammaticalisation process from a locative source involved in the historical development of the construction, and because substitution is marked in addition to applicative marking.
format Journal Article
author Marten, Lutz
author_facet Marten, Lutz
Kula, Nancy C.
authorStr Marten, Lutz
author_letter Marten, Lutz
author2 Kula, Nancy C.
author2Str Kula, Nancy C.
title Benefactive and substitutive applicatives in Bemba
publisher De Gruyter
publishDate 2014
url https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/19907/

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