| Summary: |
The discourse between riverine and maritime sites in lower Myanmar during the late first and early second millennium CE has received little attention, with literature focusing on single sites and their dependence upon upper Myanmar [Map 1]. However, as we explain in this essay, it was the variety and fluctuations between a series of sites that sustained the economic and religious significance of this area. Our argument is epitomised by the archaeology and chronicles of Sampanago (Campānāga) or “City of Serpents” (16°40’5.91”N,97°35’46.90”E)
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