| Summary: |
Includes: General survey. Economic effects on China and Japan, USA denounces the commercial treaty with Japan, effect on China's ability to obtain military supplies from abroad of the outbreak of war in Europe. Foreign exchange value of Chinese currency, and Japan's steps to maintain the external value of the Yen. Military Affairs. Varying fortunes in Shansi and its importance to the domination of North China. Japanese fail to reach Hupeh [Hubei] or to capture Changsha in Hunan. Hongkong is cut off by the fighting in Kwangtung Ichang and preparations are made for the evacuation of women and children. Japan shocked by news of Hitler's deal with Stalin. Japanese land at Pakhoi [Beihai] and capture Nanning through which supplies from Indo-China had been passing, bombing attacks made thence on the Hanoi-Yunnan railway with foreign casualties. USA threatens total embargo. Wang Ching-Wei. Personal history. A left winger, expelled from the Kuomintang and the Nanking [Nanjing] Government following the overthrow of the communists and the expulsion of Borodin, returns on the kidnapping of Chiang Kai-Shek, is expelled again for associating himself with the 'peace' proposals of Prince Konoye. Japanese internal policy disagreement on the extent of their territorial involvement in China. Terms of the establishment of a new government under Wang Ching-Wei. Personnel of the new government. China's Political Parties. Sixth plenary session of the Central Executive held in Chungking, outline of proceedings. Disunion with the communists denied. Separatist tendency of Yunnan. Reported fighting between national and communist troops. Decision to convene a national assembly. Economic Affairs. Statistics, incomplete returns from Yangtsze ports. The Trade Balance. Analysis of main products accounting for the import surplus. Trade with Japan, imports of military supplies. Factors helping to maintain the value of the national dollar. Currency Questions. The Exchange Market in Shanghai and the Chinese Currency Stabilisation Fund. Operation of the Fund defeated by excessive issue, of currency. Limitation on withdrawals from Chinese Banks in Shanghai. Note Circulation. Official figures, cash reserves and securities, probable omission of provincial figures. The Hua Hsing Commercial Bank. Founded by The Reformed Government of Nanking [Nanjing] and six Japanese Banks, declared aims, exchange value of its note issue. The Currency in North China. Dislike of F.R.B. currency promotes 'link' transactions. General. Estimate of total note issue in Japan, Manchukuo and areas of China under Japanese control, Japan appears to have discontinued its efforts to underline the national currency. Trade in the North Statistics, 'British blockade', floods, guerrilla warfare, cotton and coal. Chefoo and Tsingtao [Qingdao]. Trade statistics, discrimination against British trade and ships, inadequacy of wharves at Tsingtao [Qingdao] for British steamers, anti-British actions. Shanghai Trade. Statistics, industrial revival, new factories. Hankow [Hankou]. British shipping entirely excluded, virtual monopoly of trade by the Japanese. Re-opening of the Yangtsze. Promises by the Japanese. The Pearl River. Remains closed. Tug and Lighter service between Hongkong and Canton [Guangzhou], one British steamer per fortnight restricted to the carriage of stores for the British community in Canton [Guangzhou]. Currencies in circulation. Hongkong Trade. Statistics. Customs Revenue. Default on the servicing of loans. Conditions in the Interior. The Japanese controlled areas. Extent and effectiveness. Sale of narcotics. Public Utilities. Railway construction and river conservancy. The North China Development Company. Railways with British Capital. Railways in occupied territory controlled by the Central China Development Company and the North China Transport Co. Position of bond holders. Extent of damage. The Unoccupied areas. Progress in improving communications and industrial development. The Burma-Yunnan road, statistics of transport trade. Reports on the Tungtung-Kweiyang, the Kunming-Hok'ou, the Han-Yu, Lo-Hsi, Luchow-Kunming, Lanchow-Chiangyu, Hsian-Chengtu and Sinkiang roads. Reports on railway construction. Aviation, list of current routes. Opening of Radio-telephone service Chungking to Hongkong. Industrial Development. Growth of co-operatives. Foreign Trade. Statistics, adverse balance. Gold Reserves. Statistics, sales of gold. The Budget. Annual expenditure now exceeds the national debt. Domestic Bond issues. Taxation and Prices. Survey of problems. Production. Military needs reduce exports and supply of consumer goods. INTERNATIONAL POLITICS: Japanese Marines land in the International Settlement on Kulangsu and present demands to the Municipal Council, British, American and French forces land and remain until settlement is reached. Japan takes advantage of preoccupations in Europe to increase pressures on foreign interests, stoppage on the high seas of British and French liners. Britain and France unable to approve of Chinese proposal to set up a co-ordinating committee for aid to China. Renewed demands on the Teintsin [Tianjin] Municipal Council. Murder of Mr R.B. Tinkler in Shanghai and arrest of Colonel Spear. Terms of HM Government formula for settling Teintsin [Tianjin] dispute strongly criticised by the Shanghai Chamber and the Association. Early Phases of the Teintsin [Tianjin] Blockade. Foreign Office statements and criticisms in the House of Commons. The Silver at Teintsin [Tianjin]. Japanese demand the surrender of silver deposited in the Settlement by the Chinese Government. Japan demands that Britain should co-operate in the construction of a New Order in East Asia. USA supports British resistance. Export exchange and linking regulations extended. Refusal to restore the occupied areas of the International Settlement until the Council co-operates and recognizes the Shanghai and Nanking [Nanjing] governments. Demand that the Chinese Courts in the Settlements be handed over. Terms of the formula for clarifying the attitude and policy of HM G. vis-a-vis Japan. United States Commercial Treaty. Denunciation by the USA of its Commercial Treaty with Japan, ½ foreshadowing of embargo action, co-ordination of British and American policy in China. Britain refuses to co-operate in sustaining the Japanese currency in North China. Decision to surrender four Chinese suspects to the District Court in Teintsin [Tianjin]. Britain refuses to negotiate the handing over of the silver or the banning of National currency owing to the international issues involved. Europe, the Hitler-Stalin Pact. Japan abandons its plan for strengthening the Anti-Comintern pact, Cabinet resigns and stop-gap appointed. Effects of the Pact on relations with the USSR, USA and Britain. Russo-Japanese relations. Agreement reached for setting up a Mongolian-Manchurian Frontier Commission, seized fishing boats exchanged, possibility of non-aggression pact considered. USA and Japan. USA declares its opposition to the 'new order' Numerous anti-American incidents and the attempted murder of Godfrey Phillips in Shanghai. Unofficial embargo on the sale of certain military materials and proposals for total embargo. Allocation of loan to finance exports of non-war goods to China. Great Britain and Japan. Hongkong blockade lifted. Further incidents. Withdrawal of British gunboats from the Yangtsze. German nationals removed from the Asama Maru. Hongkew reopened. Sino-Russian relations. Russia supports China in the League. Contradictory reports of active help. SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS: Continued Japanese pressure for an increased share in the administration of the Settlement and recognition of the new regime. Establishment of a modus vivendi. The Outside Roads question. The Work of the Committee. Representations to government departments and consultations with British bodies in China. Chinese Apprenticeships. Temporary suspension of new awards. Universities China Committee. Exhibitions. Appendix. Terms of alleged Wang Ching-Wei-Japan agreement Chinese Customs Revenue. The Tokyo Formula, Shanghai telegram and Association letter to the Foreign Office. The Tokyo Negotiations about Teintsin [Tianjin]. The 'Outside Roads' Question, modus vivendi, Japanese Communiqué SMP in Honkew.
|
